Abstract: As part of its continuing efforts to expand its reach into the Indian Ocean, Türkiye’s strategy in the region is increasingly shaped by its alignment with Muslim-majority states, with the broader aim of crafting an alternative power bloc to the Saudi-led order—as many scholars interpret it, a step towards realising Ankara’s neo-Ottoman […]
Commodore (Dr) Sanjay Kumar Jha (Retd); Pentagon Press, 2024; 201 Pages, ISBN: 978-93-90095-94-0, Rs 995 (Hardback) “The relationship between human evolution and the seas is symbiotic. Shipbuilding has been the foundation of this relationship.” This quote by Commodore Jha captures the essence of his book, which traces humanity’s maritime journey from simple paddled […]
Making Waves’ is a compilation of maritime news and news analyses drawn from national and international online sources. Drawn directly from original sources, minor editorial amendments are made by specialists on maritime affairs. It is intended for academic research, and not for commercial use. NMF expresses its gratitude to all sources of information, which are […]
This study positions the Blue Economy as a strategic instrument of foreign policy through which States drive diplomatic leverage by advancing sustainable ocean governance, institutional leadership, and coalition-building amid the evolving geopolitical complexities of the Indo-Pacific. Rather than treating the Blue Economy solely as an environmental or development framework, the paper conceptualises it […]
Following several rounds of negotiations launched in March 2025, India and New Zealand concluded one of India’s fastest-negotiated Free Trade Agreements (FTA) in December 2025.[1] The Agreement significantly enhances market access and tariff preferences for Indian exports to New Zealand, marking a substantive upgrade in bilateral economic relations. Beyond its immediate commercial value, […]
Rear Admiral Monty Khanna (Retd) – Issue No 14 dated 01 Jan 2026 China’s third aircraft carrier, Fujian was commissioned on 05 Nov 2025. She is a substantial departure from her earlier siblings. Gone is the ramp at the bows which has been replaced by three Electro Magnetic Launching Systems (EMALS), thus making the […]
Türkiye’s expanding interest in the Indian Ocean—manifested through defence exports, naval diplomacy, and its growing partnership with Pakistan—has increasingly been interpreted in Indian strategic circles through a zero-sum lens. Yet this approach risks overestimating Türkiye’s structural capabilities while underestimating India’s ability to shape the regional environment. This article argues that India’s long-term maritime […]
The Blue Economy is often described as a sector of the economy — placed alongside the maritime sector or conflated with the “ocean economy” — limited to industries such as shipping, fisheries, offshore energy, and tourism. This narrow framing fundamentally underestimates both the scale of the ocean and the depth of humanity’s […]
The term “strategic communication” has emerged as a buzzword within the existing public discourse in India. While the term has been a part of the strategic lexicon since time immemorial, it has acquired renewed interest and piqued the curiosity of policymakers in recent times, due to the skirmishes/military strikes witnessed between […]
Making Waves’ is a compilation of maritime news and news analyses drawn from national and international online sources. Drawn directly from original sources, minor editorial amendments are made by specialists on maritime affairs. It is intended for academic research, and not for commercial use. NMF expresses its gratitude to all sources of information, which are […]
China has a declared ‘military strategy’ or ‘strategic guideline’ of ‘active defence.’ This has been put out in the public domain through its Defence White Papers (DWPs) published, commencing 1998. After 1949, the PLA has used the concept of the ‘strategic guideline’ to formulate and describe its military strategies.[1] When the PRC was […]
The National Maritime Foundation (NMF) recently held an interaction with senior representatives from the Pacific Forum, focusing on key issues related to Indo-Pacific security, strategic communications, and the evolving India–US defence and maritime partnership. Vice Admiral Pradeep Chauhan, AVSM & Bar, VSM (Retd), Director-General, NMF, along with Ms Anuttama Banerji, Research Associate, NMF, engaged in […]