Every revolution in naval power has arrived twice. The first time as a machine. The second time, years later and at much greater cost, as an organisation. Carrier aviation did not transform naval warfare the day the first carrier entered service. It transformed naval warfare only once navies reorganised themselves to fight […]
Nick Collins’s examination of maritime trade addresses several dimensions of the subject that have substantial relevance for Indian scholarship and public discourse, particularly at a time when the economic, political, and strategic significance of maritime activity is receiving renewed attention. He manages the considerable geographical scope, a three-century-long temporal span, and […]
The shipping industry is simultaneously one of the largest contributors to global greenhouse gas emissions and one of the most indispensable pillars of the global economy. Beyond its role in facilitating international trade, maritime capability has long been recognised as a fundamental determinant of national economic resilience, strategic influence and geopolitical power. […]
Keywords: Djibouti Code of Conduct/Jeddah Amendment, India, Eastern Africa, Western Indian Ocean, Maritime Security Note: This article is the first of a two-part series that undertakes an in-depth institutional study of the Djibouti Code of Conduct and its Jeddah Amendments (DCoC-JA). This initial part examines the institutional evolution of the […]
Note: India–Russia relations today remain time-tested and reliable, with defence and energy continuing to be the two principal pillars of the relationship. While defence cooperation has firmly established itself as a key pillar and has been widely studied and accepted as a defining feature of bilateral ties, energy relations remain comparatively […]
Abstract The commissioning of China’s first indigenous CATOBAR carrier, the Fujian (CV-18), at Sanya on 05 November 2025, marked a fundamental transformation in the People’s Liberation Army Navy’s (PLAN) blue-water capability.[1] When combined with the deepening of operational integration of the Liaoning and Shandong strike groups, and the accelerating construction of a […]
Introduction A critical component of any disaster management plan (DMP) is the development of a risk assessment framework to identify, evaluate and prioritise disaster risks. In conventional planning approaches, risk assessment primarily supports three decision-making questions: which hazards threaten the entity, how severe those threats are, and which risks require priority mitigation. […]
Keywords: IUU Fishing, Non-Traditional Maritime Security Threats, Maritime Security, UNODC, INTERPOL, World Customs Organisation, Indo-Pacific Illegal, Unreported and Unregulated (IUU) fishing has evolved from being viewed primarily as a governance challenge to one where it is widely regarded as a multidimensional maritime security concern with significant strategic implications for the Indo-Pacific. […]
Keywords: India–Australia relations, PM Modi’s 2026 Australia visit, Australia’s 2026 National Defence Strategy, 2026 Integrated Investment Program, Maritime cooperation, Indo-Pacific, MAHASAGAR, IPOI, Maritime security, Defence cooperation. Strategic Overview Prime Minister Narendra Modi’s visit to Australia from 08–10 July 2026 marked a decisive moment in India’s deepening engagement with Australia and the […]
Making Waves’ is a compilation of maritime news and news analyses drawn from national and international online sources. Drawn directly from original sources, minor editorial amendments are made by specialists on maritime affairs. It is intended for academic research, and not for commercial use. NMF expresses its gratitude to all sources of information, which are […]
The National Maritime Foundation (NMF) has signed a Memorandum of Understanding with the Allcargo Group to collaborate on research and knowledge creation in the maritime, logistics, and supply chain sectors. The partnership seeks to bring together industry and policy expertise to develop future-ready solutions for India’s maritime and logistics ecosystem. It will support joint research […]
The National Maritime Foundation (NMF) hosted the first Round Table Conference of the Admiral AK Chatterji Fellowship Project 2026–2027 on 29 July 2026. The session featured a presentation by Commodore PSS Uday Kiran, PhD, DACIDS ‘Research B’, Headquarters Integrated Defence Staff, on his research titled “Challenges in Securing India’s Maritime Trade and Energy Routes to […]